routledge.com
Domduck has read routledge.com on 6 days across 5 sources, since 2 August 2026. The domain was registered in 1994. Its robots.txt blocks none of the 8 AI crawlers Domduck tracks.
Last checked .
Charts appear once there are seven days of readings.
blocked
What changed
6 days of readings- 29 September 2026 (2026-09-29)
- robots.txt started returning HTTP 200 between 15 September 2026 and 29 September 2026, from 304.
- The certificate was renewed between 15 September 2026 and 29 September 2026 and is valid to 24 December 2026.
- 15 September 2026 (2026-09-15)
- robots.txt started returning HTTP 304 between 31 August 2026 and 15 September 2026, from 200.
Popularity rank
73 days, lower is betterPosition in the Tranco list, a research ranking of the million most popular domains averaged over thirty days so a single day’s traffic spike cannot move it.
AI crawler policy
Redirects to www.routledge.com · No llms.txtNo ChatGPT browsing or training
No ChatGPT search surface
No Claude retrieval
No Perplexity citation
Out of Gemini and AI Overviews grounding, Search ranking unaffected
Out of Apple Intelligence training
Out of most open training corpora
Out of TikTok and Doubao
Read from routledge.com/robots.txt. “Not named” means the file says nothing about that agent, which is not the same as allowing it: a catch-all rule added later blocks it without anyone deciding to.
What the domain itself says
read directly, not from a vendor- Issuer
- Google Trust Services
- Valid
- Yes
- Expires
- 2026-12-24
- Protocol
- TLSv1.3
- Names covered
- 4
- A records
- 2
- AAAA records
- 0
- Mail exchangers
- 2
- Nameservers
- daisy.ns.cloudflare.com, logan.ns.cloudflare.com
- DMARC policy
- none published
- Registered
- 1994-02-25
- Registrar
- SafeNames Ltd.
- Registry status
- client delete prohibited, client transfer prohibited, client update prohibited
How routledge.com compares to other .com domains
Questions
- Does routledge.com block GPTBot?
- No. routledge.com's robots.txt does not disallow GPTBot, though it does not name the agent either.
- Does routledge.com publish an llms.txt file?
- No. Domduck found no llms.txt at routledge.com.
- When was routledge.com registered?
- 25 February 1994, through SafeNames Ltd..
- Who issues routledge.com's certificate?
- Google Trust Services.
How this page is made
Every number on this page is a measurement Domduck took itself or read from a public source, on a stated date. Nothing here is written by a language model. Where a value has not changed, no sentence is generated about it.
First reading . 5 sources, 6 days with at least one reading. The popularity rank comes from the Tranco list; the registration record from RDAP, which ICANN requires registries to publish. The certificate, the DNS records and the crawler policy are read by Domduck directly from routledge.com.